Reading: Sample analysis — True/False/Not Given (1)

1. Mục tiêu buổi học

Buổi trước bạn đã học cách phân biệt True và False. Hôm nay sẽ áp dụng vào một passage thật, từng câu một.

• Đọc passage mẫu và làm 8 câu True/False/Not Given
• Phân tích từng câu: keyword nằm ở đâu, câu trong passage nói gì, tại sao chọn đáp án đó
• Nhận ra paraphrase và trap phổ biến: so sánh số liệu, từ hạn định (more than, twice, all, only)
• Luyện lại ngay một đoạn ngắn để khắc sâu quy trình

2. Passage mẫu

A The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world, covering over 9 million square kilometres across North Africa. Temperatures in the Sahara can reach 50 degrees Celsius during the day, but at night they often drop below freezing. This extreme contrast between day and night temperatures is one of the most striking features of desert climates. Despite the harsh conditions, some regions of the Sahara receive light rain during certain months, allowing small plants to survive.

B The Amazon rainforest, located in South America, is often called the 'lungs of the Earth' because it produces about 20% of the world's oxygen. The rainforest covers approximately 5.5 million square kilometres and consists of thousands of species of plants and animals. The climate in the Amazon is warm and humid all year round, with heavy rain occurring almost every day. The average temperature stays around 27 degrees Celsius, with very little variation between seasons.

C Antarctica is the coldest region on Earth. The average temperature in the interior of Antarctica is minus 57 degrees Celsius in winter. The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth was minus 89.2 degrees Celsius, measured at a Russian research station in Antarctica in 1983. Unlike the Sahara, Antarctica is covered in thick ice all year, and no rain falls in most parts of the continent. The landscape consists of ice sheets that are over 4 kilometres thick in some places.

D The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is the world's largest coral reef system, stretching over 2,300 kilometres along the north-east coast. The reef consists of more than 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands. The ocean temperature around the reef is warm, ranging from 24 to 27 degrees Celsius in summer. However, rising ocean temperatures in recent years have caused damage to parts of the reef. Scientists report that some areas have lost over 50% of their coral cover since the 1980s.

E Iceland is known for its dramatic landscape, which includes volcanoes, geysers, hot springs, and thick ice caves. The country's climate is surprisingly mild for its northern location. In the capital city, Reykjavik, summer temperatures are cool, averaging around 13 degrees Celsius, while winter temperatures rarely fall below minus 3 degrees Celsius. Iceland experiences very strong winds throughout the year, and the sky is often cloudy and foggy, especially in the west and south-west regions.

3. Questions

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage?
Write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. The Sahara desert is the largest desert of any kind in the world.
2. Night-time temperatures in the Sahara can go below zero degrees Celsius.
3. The Amazon rainforest produces more than half of the world's oxygen.
4. The Amazon has a consistent temperature throughout the year.
5. The coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica.
6. Antarctica receives more rain than the Sahara.
7. The Great Barrier Reef is over twice as long as 1,000 kilometres.
8. More than 50% of the entire Great Barrier Reef has been destroyed since 1980.

4. Answer key

5. Phân tích từng câu